Protons are tiny particles just a femtometer across, but without them, atoms wouldn't exist. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s how it works.

DEEP in the heart of every atom lurk protons, tiny particles from which the chemical elements were forged, first in the searing heat of the big bang and then in the nuclear furnaces of stars. The ...

Magic numbers are therefore simply the numbers of particles required to fill each of these nuclear shells, with separate levels for protons and neutrons. Individual isotopes can correspondingly be ...

Scientists have discovered a new way to investigate the structure of protons using neutrinos, known as 'ghost particles.' Neutrinos are one of the most abundant particles in our universe, but they are ...

When it comes to astronomical questions, it doesn't get much bigger than the one Numberphile recently attempted to answer: How many particles in the universe? Given that an estimated five trillion ...

Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory and collaborators have a new way to use ...