This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract Biological classification aims at establishing ordering systems for organisms. Principles of classification, however, differ in their criteria ...

Evolution has long been viewed as a rather random process, with the traits of species shaped by chance mutations and environmental events -- and therefore largely unpredictable. But an international ...

Strange fossils, including some that could be predecessors to modern animals, found in China shed new light on the evolution of large, complex organisms, and indicate that they may have diversified ...

The largest genetic study ever performed to learn when land plants and fungi first appeared on the Earth has revealed a plausible biological cause for two major climate events: the Snowball Earth eras ...

American Journal of Botany, Vol. 98, No. 3, Biodiversity (March 2011), pp. 352-369 (18 pages) The "bryophytes" comprise three phyla of plants united by a similar haploid-dominant life cycle and ...

Plant behavior may seem rather boring compared with the frenetic excesses of animals. Yet the lives of our vegetable friends, who tirelessly feed the entire biosphere (including us), are full of ...

A plant community is an assemblage of plants that co-exist in a similar environment. Different communities are defined by their structure, form, and species composition. Plant communities are both ...

A crack team of arthropod bodyguards may be defending that cherry tree in your backyard or the maple across the street. Mites protect plants by acting like herds of grazing sheep, munching the fungi ...